{
 "id": "sources",
 "title": "Source list with required citations",
 "attribution": "Qentak Research, The State of Independent & Home Education in Canada, 2026 Edition.",
 "notes": [
  "All retrievals 2026-11-15. 'access' states exactly what was read. Fraser Institute PDFs/pages and MarketsandMarkets returned HTTP 403 to automated fetch; the bot block was respected and figures from those publishers are taken from news-release republications or search summaries and flagged."
 ],
 "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
 "rows": [
  {
   "id": "S-FI-WOSE-2026",
   "title": "Where Our Students Are Educated: Measuring Student Enrolment in Canada, 2026",
   "publisher": "Fraser Institute",
   "authors": "Paige MacPherson, Michael Zwaagstra, Max Shang (per search summary)",
   "url": "https://www.fraserinstitute.org/studies/where-our-students-are-educated-measuring-student-enrolment-canada-2026",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "PRIMARY PDF NOT READ: HTTP 403 to automated fetch (bot block respected, no workaround). Figures taken from the Fraser news releases as republished on newswire.ca and mirrors.",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2026-09-09 (release); data 2000/01 to 2023/24; 10 provinces, no territories, excludes federal programs",
   "page_or_table": "Full text and per-province tables (home-schooling section starts p.20) NOT verified",
   "reuse_terms": "(c) The Fraser Institute, all rights reserved. Site terms (fraserinstitute.org/copyright-conditions, read via search summary only, page blocked to automated fetch) prohibit republication of content without express written consent. Reproducing a table or figure needs written permission; short attributed quotation may fall under Canadian fair dealing (legal question, not decided here).",
   "required_citation": "Authors, Where Our Students Are Educated: Measuring Student Enrolment in Canada, [2022|2026 Edition], Fraser Institute, [month year]. Add 'Fraser Institute' as publisher and link the study page.",
   "reliability": "High (publisher is primary), but values here are second-hand from the release"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-FI-WOSE-2026-NR",
   "title": "As share of total K-12 enrolment nationwide, independent school enrolment up 45%, public school enrolment down 3.7% since 2000/01 (national news release)",
   "publisher": "Fraser Institute via Newswire.ca",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/as-share-of-total-k-12-enrolment-nationwide-independent-school-enrolment-up-45-public-school-enrolment-down-3-7-since-2000-01-888007381.html",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly (summary extraction); mirror also read at pr.taosnews.com",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2026-09-09",
   "page_or_table": "National release, provincial share table 2023/24",
   "reuse_terms": "As S-FI-WOSE-2026",
   "required_citation": "As S-FI-WOSE-2026",
   "reliability": "High for the figures it states"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-FI-WOSE-2026-ON",
   "title": "Ontario K-12 independent school enrolment up (provincial news release)",
   "publisher": "Fraser Institute via Kingsville Times",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://kingsvilletimes.ca/2026/09/unfunded-and-growing-ontarios-independent-school-enrolment-rises/",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly (mirror of Fraser release); Fraser PDF blocked",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2026-09-15 (article); release 2026-09",
   "page_or_table": "Ontario release",
   "reuse_terms": "As S-FI-WOSE-2026",
   "required_citation": "As S-FI-WOSE-2026",
   "reliability": "Medium-high (republished release)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-FI-WOSE-2026-AB",
   "title": "Alberta provincial news release (Where Our Students Are Educated 2026)",
   "publisher": "Fraser Institute",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://www.fraserinstitute.org/sites/default/files/2026-09/where-our-students-are-educated-newsrelease-ab.pdf",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Only via search-result summary; PDF blocked (403)",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2026-09",
   "page_or_table": "Alberta release",
   "reuse_terms": "As S-FI-WOSE-2026",
   "required_citation": "As S-FI-WOSE-2026",
   "reliability": "Low-medium: second-hand summary, definitions differ from 2022 edition (AB 4.3% in 2019/20 vs 6.7% in 2023/24)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-FI-WOSE-2022",
   "title": "Where Our Students Are Educated: Measuring Student Enrolment in Canada, 2022",
   "publisher": "Fraser Institute",
   "authors": "2022 author list not confirmed (primary blocked)",
   "url": "https://www.fraserinstitute.org/studies/where-our-students-are-educated-measuring-student-enrolment-canada-2022",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "PRIMARY PDF NOT READ: HTTP 403 (bot block respected). Cross-checked against Statistics Canada table instead; Fraser blog/summary snippets via search only",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2022 (data 2019/20)",
   "page_or_table": "Provincial tables not verified",
   "reuse_terms": "(c) The Fraser Institute, all rights reserved. Site terms (fraserinstitute.org/copyright-conditions, read via search summary only, page blocked to automated fetch) prohibit republication of content without express written consent. Reproducing a table or figure needs written permission; short attributed quotation may fall under Canadian fair dealing (legal question, not decided here).",
   "required_citation": "Authors, Where Our Students Are Educated: Measuring Student Enrolment in Canada, [2022|2026 Edition], Fraser Institute, [month year]. Add 'Fraser Institute' as publisher and link the study page.",
   "reliability": "Primary unreachable; draft values cannot be confirmed to the cell"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-SC-T001C-2021",
   "title": "Table 1: Number and proportion of students in elementary and secondary schools, by school type, Canada, provinces and territories, 2019/2020 (The Daily, 2021-10-14)",
   "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/211014/t001c-eng.htm",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2021-10-14",
   "page_or_table": "Table 1 (source table 37-10-0109-01); counts randomly rounded; MB counts Catholic schools as private/independent; QC includes adult and vocational programs; SK and BC include adult programs",
   "reuse_terms": "Statistics Canada Open Licence (https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/reference/licence, page modified 2025-07-10): free to copy, adapt, publish, commercial use allowed, attribution required, no implied endorsement.",
   "required_citation": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table 37-10-0109-01 (or named product), [reference date]. Adapted from Statistics Canada, [product], [reference date]. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
   "reliability": "High (official), but later revised: national homeschool 2019/20 is 37,287 here and 40,608 in the 2022 release"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-SC-T001A-2022",
   "title": "Table 1: Number (2020/2021) and relative change of enrolment, by province and school type (The Daily, 2022-10-13)",
   "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/221013/t001a-eng.htm",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2022-10-13",
   "page_or_table": "Table 1 (source table 37-10-0109-01)",
   "reuse_terms": "Statistics Canada Open Licence (https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/reference/licence, page modified 2025-07-10): free to copy, adapt, publish, commercial use allowed, attribution required, no implied endorsement.",
   "required_citation": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table 37-10-0109-01 (or named product), [reference date]. Adapted from Statistics Canada, [product], [reference date]. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
   "reliability": "High"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-SC-DAILY-2022",
   "title": "The Daily: Elementary-Secondary Education Survey, 2020/2021",
   "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/221013/dq221013a-eng.htm",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2022-10-13",
   "page_or_table": "National totals 2020/21: homeschool 83,784 (+106.3% from 40,608); shares 91.1/7.5/1.5",
   "reuse_terms": "Statistics Canada Open Licence (https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/reference/licence, page modified 2025-07-10): free to copy, adapt, publish, commercial use allowed, attribution required, no implied endorsement.",
   "required_citation": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table 37-10-0109-01 (or named product), [reference date]. Adapted from Statistics Canada, [product], [reference date]. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
   "reliability": "High"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-SC-DAILY-2026",
   "title": "The Daily: Elementary and secondary education: Enrolment growth slows, as school populations shift toward higher grades, 2024/2025",
   "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/261104/dq261104d-eng.htm",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly. Tables page (dq261104d-cansim-eng.htm) lists table numbers only; no home-school count in text",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2026-11-04",
   "page_or_table": "Text: public 5.5 million record, +86,300 (+1.6%); private/independent 8.0% share, new high, fourth consecutive rise; total 6.1 million",
   "reuse_terms": "Statistics Canada Open Licence (https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/reference/licence, page modified 2025-07-10): free to copy, adapt, publish, commercial use allowed, attribution required, no implied endorsement.",
   "required_citation": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table 37-10-0109-01 (or named product), [reference date]. Adapted from Statistics Canada, [product], [reference date]. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
   "reliability": "High"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-SC-DAILY-2025",
   "title": "The Daily: Elementary and secondary education, 2023/2024",
   "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/daily-quotidien/251028/dq251028d-eng.htm",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2025-10-28",
   "page_or_table": "Text only; no home-school or private counts",
   "reuse_terms": "Statistics Canada Open Licence (https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/reference/licence, page modified 2025-07-10): free to copy, adapt, publish, commercial use allowed, attribution required, no implied endorsement.",
   "required_citation": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table 37-10-0109-01 (or named product), [reference date]. Adapted from Statistics Canada, [product], [reference date]. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
   "reliability": "High"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-SC-TBL-0109",
   "title": "Table 37-10-0109-01 Number of students in elementary and secondary schools, by school type and program type",
   "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3710010901",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Metadata page read; reference periods 1997/1998 to 2024/2025, release 2026-11-04. Cell values NOT extracted (dynamic page; table download not pulled, to avoid bulk enumeration)",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2026-11-04",
   "page_or_table": "Whole table; sub-tables 37-10-0178-01/0179-01 (home-schooled by grade, age)",
   "reuse_terms": "Statistics Canada Open Licence (https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/reference/licence, page modified 2025-07-10): free to copy, adapt, publish, commercial use allowed, attribution required, no implied endorsement.",
   "required_citation": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table 37-10-0109-01 (or named product), [reference date]. Adapted from Statistics Canada, [product], [reference date]. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
   "reliability": "High; this is the single best next pull for 2021/22 to 2024/25 homeschool and private counts by province"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-CARDUS-CNH-2023",
   "title": "Charting New Horizons for Independent Education in Canada",
   "publisher": "Cardus",
   "authors": "Deani Van Pelt",
   "url": "https://www.cardus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Charting-New-Horizons-for-Independent-Education-pdf.pdf",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly (full PDF, pdftotext)",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2023-12 (Perspectives Paper; lecture 2023-11-09)",
   "page_or_table": "Fig. 2 (cumulative change 2006-2022), Table 1 (2006/07 vs 2021/22), 'Share of Total Enrolments' and 'A few other key facts' (PDF pp. 12-14, journal pagination 'cardus.ca | 12-13')",
   "reuse_terms": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 (stated in the PDF, p.2). NonCommercial: Qentak is a company and the report is marketing, so reproduction is doubtful; NoDerivatives: do not adapt or re-chart the paper's own tables as 'Cardus data'. Cite and link; recompute from Statistics Canada instead.",
   "required_citation": "Van Pelt, Deani. 'Charting New Horizons for Independent Education in Canada.' Cardus, December 2023. https://www.cardus.ca/research/education/perspectives-paper/charting-new-horizons-for-independent-education-in-canada/",
   "reliability": "High (author's calculations from StatCan 37-10-0109-01)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-CARDUS-BT-2026",
   "title": "Better Together: How Canada's Independent School Associations Strengthen Democracy and Civil Society",
   "publisher": "Cardus",
   "authors": "Joanna DeJong VanHof",
   "url": "https://www.cardus.ca/research/education/reports/better-together/",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly (web page; Figure 1 funding chart values not extractable from text)",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2026-04-01",
   "page_or_table": "Text: >470,000 independent students (StatCan 37-10-0109-01); BC 13.7%, QC 10.5%; operating grants in all provinces except Ontario and Atlantic",
   "reuse_terms": "No licence stated; '(c) 2026 Cardus'. Treat as all rights reserved; quote briefly with attribution.",
   "required_citation": "VanHof, Joanna DeJong. Better Together. Cardus, 2026.",
   "reliability": "Medium-high"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-CARDUS-ND-2022",
   "title": "Naturally Diverse: Independent Schools in Ontario",
   "publisher": "Cardus",
   "authors": "David Hunt, Joanna DeJong VanHof, Jenisa Los",
   "url": "https://www.cardus.ca/research/education/reports/naturally-diverse/",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly (first 100k chars)",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2022-11-22",
   "page_or_table": "Ontario only: 954 (2013-14) to 1,445 schools (July 2022); 154,638 students (2019-20)",
   "reuse_terms": "No licence stated; (c) Cardus",
   "required_citation": "Hunt, DeJong VanHof, Los. Naturally Diverse. Cardus, 2022.",
   "reliability": "Medium-high"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-FI-DL-2016",
   "title": "A Diverse Landscape: Independent Schools in Canada",
   "publisher": "Fraser Institute",
   "authors": "Deani Van Pelt, Derek J. Allison",
   "url": "https://www.fraserinstitute.org/studies/diverse-landscape-independent-schools-canada",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Page blocked (403); attribution and 'more myth than reality' wording via search summary of the Fraser summary; the 1,935 count via ourkids.net secondary only",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2016 (June, per Cardus citation)",
   "page_or_table": "Not read",
   "reuse_terms": "(c) The Fraser Institute, all rights reserved. Site terms (fraserinstitute.org/copyright-conditions, read via search summary only, page blocked to automated fetch) prohibit republication of content without express written consent. Reproducing a table or figure needs written permission; short attributed quotation may fall under Canadian fair dealing (legal question, not decided here).",
   "required_citation": "Van Pelt, D., Allison, D. J. A Diverse Landscape: Independent Schools in Canada. Fraser Institute, 2016.",
   "reliability": "Primary unreachable"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-HUB-VP-2022",
   "title": "Growing independent schools show the value of educational pluralism",
   "publisher": "The Hub (Deani Van Pelt)",
   "authors": "Deani Van Pelt",
   "url": "https://thehub.ca/2022-05-13/independent-schools-are-growing-across-canadawhat-can-we-learn-for-education-reform/",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2022-05-13",
   "page_or_table": "Ontario 153,291 (2019-20); Canada independent 351,408 to 425,679 (2006-07 to 2019-20)",
   "reuse_terms": "(c) The Hub; quote briefly",
   "required_citation": "Van Pelt, D. The Hub, 13 May 2022.",
   "reliability": "Medium (opinion column using StatCan data)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-FI-SPEND-2025",
   "title": "Education Spending in Public Schools in Canada, 2025 Edition",
   "publisher": "Fraser Institute (news release as republished by Todayville)",
   "authors": "Michael Zwaagstra, Max Shang, Milagros Palacios",
   "url": "https://www.todayville.com/spending-per-k-12-student-in-canada-ranged-from-13494-in-alberta-to-19484-in-quebec-in-2022-23",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly (mirror of release); Fraser PDF blocked",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2025-08 (release)",
   "page_or_table": "Per-student spending 2022/23 by province; inflation-adjusted change 2013/14 to 2022/23; total $63.0B to $88.4B",
   "reuse_terms": "(c) The Fraser Institute, all rights reserved. Site terms (fraserinstitute.org/copyright-conditions, read via search summary only, page blocked to automated fetch) prohibit republication of content without express written consent. Reproducing a table or figure needs written permission; short attributed quotation may fall under Canadian fair dealing (legal question, not decided here).",
   "required_citation": "Zwaagstra, M., Shang, M., Palacios, M. Education Spending in Public Schools in Canada, 2025 Edition. Fraser Institute, 2025.",
   "reliability": "High for stated figures (release)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-FI-SPEND-2026",
   "title": "Education Spending in Public Schools in Canada, 2026 Edition",
   "publisher": "Fraser Institute (release via Education News Canada)",
   "authors": "Paige MacPherson (named), others not confirmed",
   "url": "https://educationnewscanada.com/article/education/level/k12/3/1219580/spending-on-canadian-public-schools-up-44-8-from-2014-15-to-2023-24-surges-in-immigration-inflation-and-covid-19-school-closures-imposed-pressures-on-provincial-education-spending.html",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly (release text only; no per-student dollar table in it). PDF blocked",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2026-09-23",
   "page_or_table": "Total spending +44.8% 2014/15 to 2023/24; QC +72.0%; NL -3.4%; per-student real decline in AB, NL, SK, MB",
   "reuse_terms": "(c) The Fraser Institute, all rights reserved. Site terms (fraserinstitute.org/copyright-conditions, read via search summary only, page blocked to automated fetch) prohibit republication of content without express written consent. Reproducing a table or figure needs written permission; short attributed quotation may fall under Canadian fair dealing (legal question, not decided here).",
   "required_citation": "Education Spending in Public Schools in Canada, 2026 Edition. Fraser Institute, 2026.",
   "reliability": "High for stated figures; 2023/24 per-student dollars NOT retrieved"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-MM-CA-EDTECH",
   "title": "Canada Edtech and Smart Classrooms Market (2025-2030)",
   "publisher": "MarketsandMarkets",
   "authors": "MarketsandMarkets",
   "url": "https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/geography/educational-technology-ed-tech-market/Canada",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Page returned HTTP 403 to fetch; values via search-result extraction of the page: USD 13,368.8 million (2025), USD 23,822.9 million (2030), CAGR 12.2%. Page also shows a 'USD 353.1 billion (2030)' revenue line that is the GLOBAL figure",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2025 (report page)",
   "page_or_table": "Report page, no pagination",
   "reuse_terms": "Commercial licence: purchased reports for internal use; referring to or disclosing report content to third parties requires prior written consent (T&C via search summary). Public web-page figures: obtain written permission or label as 'estimate cited from public report page'.",
   "required_citation": "MarketsandMarkets, Canada Edtech and Smart Classrooms Market, 2025-2030 (market report page). Currency USD.",
   "reliability": "Low-medium: vendor estimate, page internally inconsistent"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-AB-OIPC-IR02",
   "title": "Investigation Report F2025-IR-02 (PowerSchool breach)",
   "publisher": "Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner of Alberta",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://oipc.ab.ca/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/FINAL-Investigation-Report-Regarding-PowerSchool-Breach-FOIP2025-IR-02_for-distribution.pdf",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly (pdftotext)",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2025-11-17",
   "page_or_table": "Summary p.~5: 22 recommendations (6 to Educational Bodies, 13 to PowerSchool, 3 to Government); paras [179]-[180] accountability not outsourced",
   "reuse_terms": "Public regulator report; no licence stated; cite with attribution, short quotes",
   "required_citation": "Alberta Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner, Investigation Report F2025-IR-02, 17 November 2025.",
   "reliability": "High"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-AB-OIPC-PR",
   "title": "Ontario and Alberta privacy commissioners release investigation findings into PowerSchool breach",
   "publisher": "Alberta OIPC (joint release with Ontario IPC)",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://oipc.ab.ca/ontario-and-alberta-privacy-commissioners-release-investigation-findings-into-powerschool-breach-affecting-school-boards-and-other-educational-bodies/",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2025-11-18",
   "page_or_table": "Joint release; no recommendation totals",
   "reuse_terms": "Public release; attribute",
   "required_citation": "Alberta OIPC and Ontario IPC joint news release, 18 November 2025.",
   "reliability": "High"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-ON-IPC-PS",
   "title": "Ontario IPC PowerSchool investigation report (decision 522177)",
   "publisher": "Information and Privacy Commissioner of Ontario",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://decisions.ipc.on.ca/ipc-cipvp/privacy/en/522177/1/document.do",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "NOT read: HTTP 403 on decisions.ipc.on.ca and ipc.on.ca. Secondary: Lerners LLP summary (read directly) says nine recommendations and quotes 'while institutions may outsource services, they cannot outsource accountability'",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2025-11-17",
   "page_or_table": "Not read",
   "reuse_terms": "Public regulator report; no licence verified",
   "required_citation": "Information and Privacy Commissioner of Ontario, PowerSchool investigation report, 17 November 2025.",
   "reliability": "Primary unreachable; count of recommendations unresolved (draft 14; Lerners 9)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-LERNERS-PS",
   "title": "IPC Rules: Accountability Cannot Be Outsourced in PowerSchool Breach",
   "publisher": "Lerners LLP",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://lerners.ca/insights/powerschool-privacy-complaint",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2025-11-21",
   "page_or_table": "Summary of Ontario IPC report",
   "reuse_terms": "(c) Lerners; secondary",
   "required_citation": "Lerners LLP, 21 November 2025.",
   "reliability": "Medium (law-firm summary)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-MB-HSO",
   "title": "Manitoba Homeschooling Office pages (index, FAQs)",
   "publisher": "Manitoba Education and Early Childhood Learning",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/schools/ind/homeschool/index.html",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly (index.html and faqs.html)",
   "edition_or_release_date": "Retrieved 2026-11-15 (no page date)",
   "page_or_table": "Forms table: Student Notification Form July 1 / due Sept 1; January Progress Report Jan 1 / due Jan 31; June Progress Report Jun 1 / due Jun 30; 'Provincial funding is not available to families who homeschool'; FAQ: new families within 30 days",
   "reuse_terms": "Government of Manitoba Crown copyright; cite page and retrieval date",
   "required_citation": "Manitoba Education and Early Childhood Learning, Homeschooling Office, edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/schools/ind/homeschool/, accessed 15 November 2026.",
   "reliability": "High"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-MB-ENR-2025",
   "title": "Enrolment Report, October 1, 2025",
   "publisher": "Manitoba Education and Early Childhood Learning, Education Funding Branch",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/finance/sch_enrol/enrolment_2025.pdf",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly (pdftotext)",
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   "page_or_table": "pp.2, 4, 5: provincial enrolment summary; funded/non-funded independent lists pp.33-35",
   "reuse_terms": "Crown copyright; cite",
   "required_citation": "Manitoba Education and Early Childhood Learning, Enrolment Report, October 1, 2025 (April 2026).",
   "reliability": "High"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-MB-FUND-2526",
   "title": "Funding of Independent Schools and Reporting Requirements, 2025/2026 School Year",
   "publisher": "Manitoba Education and Early Childhood Learning, Education Funding Branch",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/finance/forms/independent/docs/enrolment_report_25-26.pdf",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly (pdftotext)",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2025-09",
   "page_or_table": "pp.3-6: Instruction and Services grant lesser of $6,837 per eligible pupil or expenditures; formula multiplied by 50%; Level 2 $9,500; Level 3 $21,130; curricular materials $60; shared service agreements; enrolment submission deadline Oct 15, 2025",
   "reuse_terms": "Crown copyright; cite",
   "required_citation": "Manitoba Education and Early Childhood Learning, Funding of Independent Schools and Reporting Requirements 2025/2026, September 2025.",
   "reliability": "High"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-MB-PSA",
   "title": "The Public Schools Act (C.C.S.M. c. P250) ss.1.1, 260.1, 262",
   "publisher": "Manitoba King's Printer",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/p250.php",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly in prior pass (docs/recon/PACK-CA.md section 14); not re-fetched",
   "edition_or_release_date": "Current to 2026-11-13",
   "page_or_table": "s.260.1(2)-(4) notice and report schedule; s.1.1 compulsory age",
   "reuse_terms": "Crown copyright; cite statute",
   "required_citation": "The Public Schools Act, C.C.S.M. c. P250, s.260.1.",
   "reliability": "High (primary)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-INT-PACKCA14",
   "title": "Qentak internal: docs/recon/PACK-CA.md section 14 and packs/drafts/ca/ca/addenda/homeschool.json",
   "publisher": "Qentak (internal primary-source research, 2026-11-15)",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "I:\\qentak\\docs\\recon\\PACK-CA.md",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly (internal)",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2026-11-15",
   "page_or_table": "Section 14.1-14.4; homeschool.json jurisdictions",
   "reuse_terms": "Internal",
   "required_citation": "Qentak internal research (cite underlying primary sources, not this file)",
   "reliability": "High where it cites a primary source; 'search summary' items are marked there"
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   "id": "S-BC-IS-FUND",
   "title": "BC Independent school funding page and funding-rates PDFs",
   "publisher": "Government of British Columbia, Ministry of Education and Child Care",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/education-training/k-12/administration/program-management/independent-schools/funding",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Page read (updated 2026-07-28: 'some independent schools receive funding at either 50% or 35% of their local public school district rate'); Group 1 = 50%, Group 2 = 35% definitions via search summary of the rates documents",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2026-07-28",
   "page_or_table": "Rates PDFs funding-rates-for-is-25-26-final.pdf and 2026-27 preliminary",
   "reuse_terms": "Province of BC copyright / Open Government Licence - British Columbia (not re-checked this pass)",
   "required_citation": "Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Education and Child Care, Independent school funding, accessed 15 November 2026.",
   "reliability": "High"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-SK-QIS",
   "title": "Qualified Independent Schools",
   "publisher": "Government of Saskatchewan",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://www.saskatchewan.ca/government/education-and-child-care-facility-administration/services-for-school-administrators/qualified-independent-schools",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly: 'funding of 50 per cent of the provincial per student average'; page undated; the 400-student incremental-rate rule is from a 2022 release via search only",
   "edition_or_release_date": "Undated page; 2022-05-11 release",
   "page_or_table": "",
   "reuse_terms": "Government of Saskatchewan copyright; cite",
   "required_citation": "Government of Saskatchewan, Qualified Independent Schools, accessed 15 November 2026.",
   "reliability": "High for 50%; 400-student rule unconfirmed"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-AB-FUND-SEC",
   "title": "Alberta independent school funding at 70% of public rate (secondary)",
   "publisher": "Alberta Teachers' Association, Alberta School Councils' Association, commentary",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://teachers.ab.ca/news/public-dollars-earmarked-private-school-construction",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Search summaries only; the Alberta Education funding manual 2025-26 not read; alberta.ca funding-model page does not mention private schools",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2025-26 (secondary)",
   "page_or_table": "",
   "reuse_terms": "(c) respective publishers",
   "required_citation": "Alberta Education and Childcare, Funding Manual for School Authorities 2025/26 (to be fetched and cited directly).",
   "reliability": "Low-medium: advocacy sources agree on 70%; primary not read"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-AB-HEF",
   "title": "Home Education Funding Transfer of Parent Portion Declaration Form 2025-26",
   "publisher": "Alberta Education and Childcare",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://www.alberta.ca/system/files/ecc-home-education-funding-transfer-of-parent-portion-delcaration-form-2025-26.pdf",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Search summary of the form: Home Education Student Grant $901 (Gr 1-12), $450.50 (ECS). Form not opened",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2025-26",
   "page_or_table": "",
   "reuse_terms": "Government of Alberta; Open Government Licence - Alberta",
   "required_citation": "Government of Alberta, Home Education Funding form 2025-26.",
   "reliability": "Medium"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-QC-FUND-SEC",
   "title": "Quebec private school subsidy about 60% (secondary)",
   "publisher": "Fraser Institute commentary; FEEP (Fédération des établissements d'enseignement privés)",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://www.feep.qc.ca/en/independent-schools-quebec/costs-fees",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Search summaries; ministry budget rules (règles budgétaires) not read; one comparison lists about 50%",
   "edition_or_release_date": "various",
   "page_or_table": "",
   "reuse_terms": "(c) respective publishers",
   "required_citation": "Quebec ministère de l'Éducation, Règles budgétaires - établissements d'enseignement privés (to be fetched and cited directly).",
   "reliability": "Low-medium"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-SC-LICENCE",
   "title": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
   "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
   "authors": "",
   "url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/reference/licence",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "access": "Read directly",
   "edition_or_release_date": "2025-07-10",
   "page_or_table": "",
   "reuse_terms": "Licence itself",
   "required_citation": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table 37-10-0109-01 (or named product), [reference date]. Adapted from Statistics Canada, [product], [reference date]. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
   "reliability": "High"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-SC-TBL-0109-CSV",
   "title": "Table 37-10-0109-01 full-table CSV (regular programs for youth), downloaded 2026-11-15",
   "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
   "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/37100109-eng.zip",
   "reuse_terms": "Statistics Canada Open Licence; attribution required",
   "required_citation": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table 37-10-0109-01, reference dates 2006/2007 to 2024/2025 (released 2026-11-04). Adapted from Statistics Canada; this does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
   "reliability": "High",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "authors": "",
   "access": "Read 2026-11-15 (full text, download, or search summary as noted in title)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-SC-TBL-0178",
   "title": "Table 37-10-0178-01 home-schooled students by grade and sex (CSV downloaded 2026-11-15; national totals equal the 37-10-0109-01 home-school row)",
   "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
   "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/37100178-eng.zip",
   "reuse_terms": "Statistics Canada Open Licence; attribution required",
   "required_citation": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table 37-10-0178-01, reference dates 2006/2007 to 2024/2025.",
   "reliability": "High",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "authors": "",
   "access": "Read 2026-11-15 (full text, download, or search summary as noted in title)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-CARDUS-ALBERTA-MEMO-2026",
   "title": "Memo: Clarifying Public Reporting of the Alberta Education Student Population Statistics",
   "publisher": "Cardus (Catharine Kavanagh)",
   "url": "https://www.cardus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Clarifying-Public-Reporting-of-the-Alberta-Education-Student-Population-Statistics.pdf",
   "reuse_terms": "(c) Cardus; quote briefly",
   "required_citation": "Kavanagh, Catharine. Memo: Clarifying Public Reporting of the Alberta Education Student Population Statistics. Cardus, 10 April 2026.",
   "reliability": "Medium-high (author's calculations from Alberta Education data)",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "authors": "",
   "access": "Read 2026-11-15 (full text, download, or search summary as noted in title)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-CARDUS-SK-QIS",
   "title": "Qualified Independent Schools in Saskatchewan (executive summary, via search)",
   "publisher": "Cardus",
   "url": "https://www.cardus.ca/research/qualified-independent-schools-in-saskatchewan/",
   "reuse_terms": "(c) Cardus; quote briefly",
   "required_citation": "Cardus, Qualified Independent Schools in Saskatchewan.",
   "reliability": "Medium (read via search summary)",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "authors": "",
   "access": "Read 2026-11-15 (full text, download, or search summary as noted in title)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-MARKNTEL-CA-EDTECH",
   "title": "Canada Education Technology (EdTech) Market Report (public page, via search)",
   "publisher": "MarkNtel Advisors",
   "url": "https://www.marknteladvisors.com/research-library/canada-education-technology-edtech-market-report.html",
   "reuse_terms": "Commercial vendor page; do not quote figures without permission",
   "required_citation": "MarkNtel Advisors (not quoted in report)",
   "reliability": "Low-medium",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "authors": "",
   "access": "Read 2026-11-15 (full text, download, or search summary as noted in title)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-TORKIN-PS",
   "title": "New privacy pressure on schools after joint investigation into the PowerSchool data breach",
   "publisher": "Torkin Manes LLP",
   "url": "https://www.torkin.com/insights/publication/new-privacy-pressure-on-schools-after-joint-investigation-into-the-powerschool-data-breach",
   "reuse_terms": "(c) Torkin Manes; secondary",
   "required_citation": "Torkin Manes LLP, November 2025.",
   "reliability": "Medium (law-firm summary)",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "authors": "",
   "access": "Read 2026-11-15 (full text, download, or search summary as noted in title)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-RECORD-PS",
   "title": "Canadian privacy regulators say schools share blame in PowerSchool hack",
   "publisher": "The Record (Recorded Future News)",
   "url": "https://therecord.media/canadian-privacy-regulators-say-schools-share-blame-powerschool-hack",
   "reuse_terms": "(c) publisher; secondary",
   "required_citation": "The Record, November 2025.",
   "reliability": "Medium (news)",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "authors": "",
   "access": "Read 2026-11-15 (full text, download, or search summary as noted in title)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-BLG-PS",
   "title": "The PowerSchool IPC report: five tips for school boards and Ontario institutions",
   "publisher": "Borden Ladner Gervais LLP",
   "url": "https://www.blg.com/en/insights/2025/11/the-powerschool-ipc-report-five-tips-for-school-boards-and-ontario-institutions",
   "reuse_terms": "(c) BLG; secondary",
   "required_citation": "BLG, November 2025.",
   "reliability": "Medium",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "authors": "",
   "access": "Read 2026-11-15 (full text, download, or search summary as noted in title)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-QC-WQSB",
   "title": "Homeschooling requirements 2024-2025",
   "publisher": "Western Quebec School Board",
   "url": "https://westernquebec.ca/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Homeschooling-Requirements-2024-2025-WQSB-Site.pdf",
   "reuse_terms": "(c) publisher; secondary",
   "required_citation": "Western Quebec School Board, Homeschooling Requirements 2024-2025.",
   "reliability": "Medium",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "authors": "",
   "access": "Read 2026-11-15 (full text, download, or search summary as noted in title)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-SK-DIV-PAGES",
   "title": "Saskatchewan school division home-based education pages (Regina Public, Saskatoon Public and others, via search)",
   "publisher": "Saskatchewan school divisions",
   "url": "https://www.reginapublicschools.ca/node/259",
   "reuse_terms": "(c) divisions; cite page",
   "required_citation": "Regina Public Schools, Home-Based Education.",
   "reliability": "Medium (division-level)",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "authors": "",
   "access": "Read 2026-11-15 (full text, download, or search summary as noted in title)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-BC-HS-PAGE",
   "title": "Homeschooling (BC independent schools page, via search summary)",
   "publisher": "Government of British Columbia",
   "url": "https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/education-training/k-12/administration/legislation-policy/independent-schools/homeschooling",
   "reuse_terms": "Province of BC copyright / Open Government Licence - BC",
   "required_citation": "Province of British Columbia, Homeschooling, accessed 15 November 2026.",
   "reliability": "Medium (read via search summary)",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "authors": "",
   "access": "Read 2026-11-15 (full text, download, or search summary as noted in title)"
  },
  {
   "id": "S-FI-HS-2015",
   "title": "Home Schooling in Canada: The Current Picture, 2015 edition (via search)",
   "publisher": "Fraser Institute",
   "url": "https://www.fraserinstitute.org/studies/home-schooling-in-canada-current-picture-2015",
   "reuse_terms": "(c) Fraser Institute, all rights reserved",
   "required_citation": "Van Pelt et al., Home Schooling in Canada: The Current Picture, Fraser Institute, 2015.",
   "reliability": "Medium (summary only)",
   "retrieved": "2026-11-15",
   "authors": "",
   "access": "Read 2026-11-15 (full text, download, or search summary as noted in title)"
  }
 ]
}